Photographys Impact on Society

Photography effects on war Photography in the modern society is important and contributes positively to the life of human beings. This article is about ways through which society has progressed as result of photography. This paper is about the impact of photography on war. Louis Daguerre did not begin photography but his invention of the metal plate, which could produce photos within thirty minutes, had a major contribution in the field of photography.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Photography’s Impact on Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This ability to capture and store images so that it is possible to view them in future explains what photography is. Photography has transformed the world where it has enabled the storage of memorable events for future reference making it easy for anyone to remember important events. The society has been able to have perception of reality through what th ey see in photos. This means that even though someone did not have a real experience in an event or someone on seeing a photo he or she perceived as if that was the reality (Todd, 2009). Photography and war history Human warfare is one of the oldest aspects of human existence, and many historical narrations have narratives of battles, which have taken place since time immemorial. However, there was no better way of narrating those events except through photos. The photography depicting sceneries of war and massacre have done a lot in reducing human warfare as its effects on people make them fear war and avoid it at all costs. The pictures taken from scenes of dying soldiers in the American civil war are some of the reasons that evoked strong emotions, which led to the end of the war. The reality brought about by photography is of major effect to everyone. Photos taken from Vietnam War or even the American civil war are evidence of this development. Photos from the Second World War a re some of the stories that have been used to show war photography. Photos of devastated Hiroshima and Fukushima after the United States of America dropped the atomic bombs on the two cities remain engraved in the heart of many concerning the dangers of nuclear and atomic weapons. This was the last time in the world to use atomic bombs and it is still remembered. The role which photography played to portray those scenarios is important. It is certain that such weapons would still be in use if there were no means of recording the reality of what happened after attack through the two bombs. Photography is therefore critical in shaping the course of war all over the world.Advertising Looking for research paper on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Kyoto protocol is one of the developments that were implemented to take care of the dangers caused by the use of atomic weapons in war (Joel, 1994). The photos from Vietnam War showing suffering American soldiers changed the public mood about the Vietnam War and this led to the withdrawal of troops from Vietnam. It is evident that photos influenced the war in Afghanistan, which has led to withdrawal of American soldiers from the troops. Photos of soldiers harassing the civilians resulted to public outcry against the occupation of American soldiers in Afghanistan. The image of dead Osama bin Laden made it certain that Bin Laden was no more. Without the evidence of the photos of his capture and death, the information that he was dead could not be true. Likewise, the images and photos of Gaddafi and his capture ascertained that the strong man was already dead. This shows how the photography has shaped the perception of reality. Without photos, the information on the newspapers would not be credible and they would have a certain degree of doubt. The photos enable people to have certainty that the information provided is real. Although with digital technol ogy, it is possible to alter images and maneuver them, the public are still relying on images as the source of reality and truth (Gustafson, 2011). Photography and promoting rights of civilians There is a tendency of the conflicting parties to abuse the rights one another. This happens to the innocent young children and vulnerable women. When the young children are denied their right, it becomes difficult to be taken care of because it goes without being noted by the relevant authority. Photography has however changed this aspect in a great way through providing photos of different scenes. War journalists are capable of predicting the reality and cases of torture and abuse of civilians by the armies in a way, which is real in order to provide information to the public. Photos of young children who were fighting for their rights have been appreciated and respected all over the world. The Congolese warlord Lubanga was jailed after trial by the international criminal court for violatin g the rights of young children. The evidence used against him consisted of photos of young children in uniform of the army. The other pictures that were used to show the violation of human rights were in the case of the Darfur in Sudan where genocide occurred and mass slaughter of civilians by the government forces.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Photography’s Impact on Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The depiction of such genocide would be impossible without photography. This has made the President of Sudan Omar al Bashir to be accused for crimes against humanity (Gustafson, 2011). Photography in military search and rescue The other aspect of war where photography use is common is in search and rescue missions. Modern photography is not based on the white light alone because they have X-ray films that are sensitive to the X- rays from any source. There are films, which are also sensiti ve to the infrared and have been used in search and rescue mission helicopters or in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles that identify a warm human being who is in a cold background. This has enhanced search and rescue operations during war as the soldiers may use the unmanned aerial vehicles to identify the location of their lost soldiers in the dark as well as in the territory of the enemy. This aspect of search and rescue has not only been used for war purposes but also in search and rescue of people in calamities such as Hurricane Katrina and Tsunamis (Todd, 2009). Photography and war intelligence Photography has also changed the scope of war on the aspect of spying the enemy territory. With the advent of digital technology and the creation of films with forty mega pixels or more it is now easy for the country to locate the hiding places of the enemies and take pictures showing the topography and geography for further study. This has improved the efficiency of spying where spy cameras are mounted on satellites with orbit around the world and they are used to take pictures in different places where a particular country want to study or to spy. Recently, there has been uproar against North Korea launching a satellite, as it may be intending to spy the enemies. The recent development of micro cameras that are tiny with the capability of storing images has changed intelligence of war. Due to the rise of cases of terrorism in many nations, there has been need for the nations to protect themselves against terrorism. This has made many countries to use the secret micro cameras for monitoring people as well as their activities.Advertising Looking for research paper on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hotels and supermarkets are some of the places, which have used this surveillance. The supermarkets and homes are secure because with such cameras information is recorded and it is retrievable if need arises or if there is investigation to be done. However, not all people have appreciated this development of micro cameras with accusations of invasion of privacy directed toward photography. Cases of crime have significantly reduced because of installation of micro cameras. Security in offices where cameras are used is high and efficient compared to offices, which do not have micro cameras (Waterbuck, 2001). Photography and storage of classified military information The other area that photography has great influence regards data storage. Many nations after awareness of attacks by their enemies store their security data and classified information in films. The films are part of photography and are used to make work easier. With the advent of digital technology scanning of huge amount of documents nowadays and producing them as new documents is the norm. This has made it possible for conversion of ancient texts and books found in libraries into digital formats. These digital formats are convenient to store a lot of information in small portions. Many armies have since time immemorial has stored a lot of files and inventories, which consumed a lot of space. Photography has enabled scanning of these documents in a way that they are typed and stored in digital formats. Medical records involving soldier’s health such as X- ray’s scans are nowadays stored in digital format, which make it possible for easy tracking of the patient’s medical history (Prasad, 2005). Conclusion Photography has influenced the society in different ways some of which are positive while others are negative. The influence of photography in war is one of the positive ways in which photography has influenced the society. Prevention of many issues with tendencies to escalate i nto war by solving them using other mechanism such as economic embargo and no fly zones is the norm. Human beings all over the world have worked to ensure that war is the last option after seeing its devastating effects. Without photography, nuclear weapons would still be in use as it would be difficult to express its effects without the realism which photography brings across. The intrusion of privacy is questionable in terms of ethics in photography and is one of the major aspects ignored by the modern photographers. Nevertheless, the role played by photography in changing the world receives appreciation from all people. The influence of photography all over the world is evident with photos being part of life and thereby creating a situation where their use and appreciation is for everyone. References Gustafson, T. (2011). 500 cameras: 170 years of photographic innovation. New York: George Eastman House. Joel, L. (1994). Bystander: A history of War photography: Boston, Boston Pres s. Prasad, S. (2005). Digital photography in War United Kingdom: York Hospitals NHS Trust. Todd, L. (2009). Role of photography today. New York: Oxford University Press. Waterbuck, C. (2001). The sidewalk never ends street photography since the 1970s. Chicago: Art Institute of Chicago. This research paper on Photography’s Impact on Society was written and submitted by user Teagan Cantrell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Stanford Prison Experiment essays

Stanford Prison Experiment essays The Stanford Prison Experiment demonstrates how different people become the roles they play. The students chosen to participate in the experiment are tested strenuously in order to determine their adequacy to perform under conditions similar to those present in prisons. They are considered normal, in terms usually associated with students. Through behaving in their roles, the reactions of others and having their alternatives blocked, the students were transformed into guards and prisoners and their previous roles as students are hidden. Behaving in a role assists a person in becoming an actual holder of that role. From the beginning, the students who are designated to be prisoners are treated as criminals. They are picked up by the police and taken to the police station. Once there, they are finger printed and transported to the location of the Stanford Prison Experiment as prisoners. The students are stripped, searched, given a number and stripped of their identity. The prisoners are made to do push-ups and other demeaning activities that make them behave in their role. On the other hand, the guards are told to keep the jail in order. Although no physical violence is used by the student guards, they certainly behave like guard in other aspects. For example, they lock prisoners in the hole and take food and beds away. By behaving in their roles, the guards and prisoners become the role they play. The reactions of others push the students to become the roles they play. The reaction of the prisoners to the guards turns negative. They start feeling hate towards their captors, while the feelings are reciprocated by the guards. The prisoners are constantly mentally harassed. When the priest is invited to the jail, he acts as if he is visiting a regular jail. Instead of talking religiously, he questions the prisoners about why they have not tried to obtain the services of a lawy...

Ancient Roman Calendar Terminology

Ancient Roman Calendar Terminology The Ides Can Be on the 15th You may know that the Ides of March the day on which Julius Caesar was assassinated was the 15th of March, but that doesnt mean the Ides of a month was necessarily on the 15th. The Roman calendar was originally based on the first three phases of the moon, with days counted, not according to a concept of a week, but backward from lunar phases. The new moon was the day of the Kalends, the moons first quarter was the day of the Nones, and the Ides fell on the day of the full moon. The Kalends section of the month was the longest, since it spanned two lunar phases, from the full to the new moon. To see it another way: Kalends New Moon (no moon to be seen)Nones 1st quarter moonIdes Full Moon (whole moon visible in the night sky) When the Romans fixed the length of the months, they also fixed the date of the Ides. In March, May, July, and October, which were (most of them) months with 31 days, the Ides was on the 15th. On other months, it was the 13th. The number of days in the Ides period, from the Nones to the Ides, remained the same, eight days, while the Nones period, from the Kalends to the Nones, might have four or six and the Kalends period, from the Ides to the start of the next month, had from 16-19 days. The days from the Kalends to the Nones of March would have been written: Kal.ante diem VI Non. Mart.ante diem V Non. Mart.ante diem IV Non. Mart.ante diem III Non. Mart.pr. Non. Mart.Nonae The days from the Nones to the Ides of March would have been written: ante diem VIII Id. Mart.ante diem VII Id. Mart.ante diem VI Id. Mart.ante diem V Id. Mart.ante diem IV Id. Mart.ante diem III Id. Mart.pr. Id. Mart.Idus The day before the Nones, Ides or Kalends was called Pridie. Kalends (Kal) fell on the first day of the month. Nones (Non) was the 7th of 31 day months March, May, July, and October, and the 5th of other months. Ides (Id) fell on the 15th of 31 day months March, May, July, and October, and on the 13th of other months. Calendars | Roman Calendars Ides, Nones on the Julian Calendar Month Latin name Kalends Nones Ides January Ianuarius 1 5 13 February Februarius 1 5 13 March Martius 1 7 15 April Aprilis 1 5 13 May Maius 1 7 15 June Iunius 1 5 13 July Iulius 1 7 15 August Augustus 1 5 13 September September 1 5 13 October October 1 7 15 November November 1 5 13 December December 1 5 13 If you find this view confusing, try Julian Dates, which is another table showing the dates of the Julian calendar, but in a different format.

Gender and Sexuality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Gender and Sexuality - Essay Example t concerns of the feminists of the period included the investigation into the true meaning, roots etc of female subordination with an intention to knock over the established concepts. Ion this attempt of the feminists, anthropology seemed to provide the most effective tool as it could tell about the status of women in various societies as well as about why women are subordinated to men in several societies. Anthropology was approached as to attain central materials for awareness about the dynamics of the relation between men and women. On the other hand, there was an attempt by anthropology in finding pertinent understanding about female subordination in feminism and the feminist anthropologists started reassessing anthropology on the basis of feminism. Female subordination has been the major concern for both the feminists in general and the feminist anthropologists in particular. The arguments of the feminist anthropologists on female subordination differed greatly in the mid 1970s. There were feminist anthropologists who felt that in spite of the existence of some democratic societies, all the societies gave prominence to men’s power. While a group of feminist anthropologists regarded that female subordination was not common, a strong argument was in support of the view that female subordination was universal and every society is male dominated. Michello Rosaldo and Sherry Ortner, two important feminist anthropologists of structuralist-anthropologist school, regarded female subordination as universal and the endeavoured to explicate the sources of this female subordination. â€Å"But they were very eager to make it clear that, to them; universal did not mean ‘unavoidable’ ‘compulsory’ ‘unchangeable’ or ‘natural’. In particular, they wanted to separate the concept of universality from the concept of ‘biology’. As feminists, they were eager to find ways to overturn female subordination.â⠂¬  (Anthropology of Gender, 2006, P.12). In this paper a

Social Security Assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Social Security Assignment - Research Paper Example The ongoing program is deemed to be insolvent by 2037 if no further additions are made to it. The problem with today’s ongoing plan is that it requires a great deal of money. As per the Washington Post report, with the passage of time the federal government will have to find additional money to cater to the needs of this plan. The present situation makes the United States unable to mobilize such a great amount by itself. So naturally, the government will be compelled either to borrowing or to raising the taxes because by the year 2027 the annual deficits of the US will have reached $200 million and by 2033, $300 million (â€Å"Whitehouse Social Security†). Even if the authorities raise the taxes to meet the expenses of the current plan, it will not be a suitable measure in the future as the costs also get increased and this will be greater than the revenue received from tax collection. In this regard, the present system of social security does not seem to be a permanent program. As Elrod reports in Senior Citizen Journal, by privatizing social security, the government puts the retirement money in the hands of the workers to invest in private retirement accounts. As a portion of their salary is retained through pay roll tax; and for this purpose it does not inflict any burden on the common people in the form of additional tax. According to Elrod, this is useful to the workers as they get a lump sum amount after retirement, and it can be invested to greater opportunities such as share market. People will have control over their personal accounts. As per the new plan, there will be no change for the existing system for people who were born before 1950. According to the new plan, employees have the opportunity to contribute towards a fund likewise thrift saving. Here the amount to be contributed by each person is decreased as he or she gets closer to the retiring age. The participants will not be allowed to access their personal accounts before they g et retired. The new plan seems to be odd when it comes to the wealth and income distribution. As for the high earning class, the new proposal is not a problem. In the US, the majority of wealth is concentrated in the hands of a few people. Majority of rich people do not receive any income from working to constitute their wealth; on the other hand, they have it from the property they own. As Domhoff points out, the upper class own 34.4% of the privately held wealth; the middle class including professionals, the managerial and small scale industrialists hold 50.5% of wealth, and at last the common people comprising the peasants, daily wagers, and salary workers own only 15% of wealth. It definitely shows that the 20% of the total population enjoys 85% of the total wealth of the nation. As the above argument maintains, the majority of the rich are not working under the public sector, social security is not a matter of concern for them. It is the lower middle class that earn income from working who need any further social security. If the working lower class is asked to set aside a portion of their monthly earning to contribute to the social security fund, it affects their living as they will find it difficult to meet the both ends. So, this new plan is going to affect none other than the lower and middle level working class. Providing social security to its subjects is the responsibility of the government. Government has to perform this function without exerting any extra burden on the

Problems Caused By Air Pollution Essay -- essays research papers

Problems Caused By Air Pollution Some people think that air pollution is not harming the earth or the people, but it is doing worse, by killing the earth and getting people sick. "Air pollutants," according to Gay, "are known to cause respiratory diseases, cancer, and other serious illnesses" (12). Air pollution not only threatens the health and life of humans but also causes damage to the environment (Gay 13). First, air pollution causes a great deal of health problems. Wanting clean air is a good reason because air that is polluted can damage human health (Edelson 25). In the United States many health problems have occurred because of air pollution. According to Sproull, "For more than a decade, local residents in the tri-state valley bounded by Kentucky, Ohio, and West Virginia have claimed to suffer from health problems, including rashes, respiratory problems and even cancers" (D4). In 1948, in the industrial town of Donora, Pennsylvania, which sits in a valley, had twenty deaths, and nearly 6,000 residents, or 40% of the population, suffered respiratory problems (Edelson 25, 26). New York experienced several killer smogs, which in a later analysis attributed, from the usually severe pollution, 58 deaths (Edelson 26). Not only in the United States are health problems caused by air pollution showing up, but they are also showing up in other parts of the world, like Europe. In 1930, in Belgium's Meuse River valley, a major industrial region, where the primary fuel was coal reported sixty deaths, and about 6,000 residents of the valley became ill with breathing problems and respiratory infections (Edelson 25). In December 1952, the toll was huge in London from the infamous smog, which caused up to 4,000 deaths, when levels of sulfur oxides and particulates rose above normal (Edelson 26). Air pollution also increased deaths from chronic lung disease in the United States. "Although statistics on the physical effects of air pollution are not easily calculated," according to Edelson, "an alarming related statistic is that between 1970 and 1986, deaths in the United States from chronic lung disease rose 36%" (35). Air pollution has cost a great deal of money on health care in the United States. In terms of health care and lost productivity, the costs ... ... that do not harm the air, water, or land (Gay 121). Even though a large majority of Americans refuse to buy products or pay for services that contribute to environmental problems, people should still get involved (Gay 121). In order to save energy to save the earth, people should do the following: - When the lights are not in use, turn them off. - Instead of normal light bulbs, use compact fluorescent light bulbs. - On a short trip, walk or ride a bike. - Whenever possible, use public transportation. - To conserve heat or air conditioning, close off unused rooms. - To save fuel, adjust thermostat a few degrees lower for heating and higher for cooling. - For better efficiency, clean furnace and air condition filters. - Only when full, run the dishwasher, washer, and dryer. (Gay 115) There is no excuse, for not becoming involved to stop air pollution. Many scientists predict that the temperature of the earth will rise because of global warming (Edelson 87). Some scientists already believe that the earth is already warming (Edelson 87). If people do not become involved the earth will not be suitable enough to live on in the future, and there might not be anybody left for the future.

NMCI Project Assessment

The following is my assessment of the project:That when developing the project care was never taken to read carefully the set objectives and whether or not they were being met. As a result only two of them were met which indicated there was a need to overhaul the system. None the less expansion continued as if nothing was wrong.Modern development tools like prototyping were never used properly. System users were never involved in the development as the project was only handled by the experts. As a result serious mistakes were never detected let alone being solved in time. The size of the project needed the use of modern networking hardware, fast enough to cope with the heavy traffic created by the over 650,000 users. Instead of replacing the obsolete old hardware with the new ones the project continued to build on them which created more disaster.The monitoring process was never put into use as the Navy personnel who appeared to have vested interest in the project kept on defending i t rather than bringing correcting and useful comments during the development process. They only focused on being able to provide some service whether that service was reliable or dependable was never the issue was never an issue. The Navy system is normally classified as critical and needs special methods   to minimize and tolerate some faults during its development. Such methods were never used. For example reliability, safety and security assessments were never done. Performance tests were never carried even though it was clearly known such tests were mandatory. The programming languages used were never compatible with modern   distributed operating systems. There was need to use Object Oriented Systems to enhance later modification compatibilityTHE AFI NEW SYSTEM PROPOSALIntroductionPurpose of the DocumentThis document is prepared for use by the following people and for the following purposes:User Name Why need the Document System Customers Check if needs are met and specify any changes that may be required Managers/ Officers To plan for the system bid and its development System Engineers To Know and be guided on what system to develop System test engineers To develop validation tests System Maintenance Engineers To understand the system parts and its totality Scope of the ProductThis system is meant to be used by the current air force staff and it will take into account their current number and the projected number in the year 2030..It will use the most current network technology including their topologies, transmission media, and distributed operating system architecture.System OverviewWhy use networksTo allow for efficient sharing and use of computer resourcesTo facilitate efficient dissemination of messages, notices to air force staffTo provide connectivity to other armed forces and air force personnel in USTo research and read widely about events taking place in US, and outside world. In particular those that are a threat to the USTo perform trade and other commercial activitiesThe connectivity and expected workloadEthernet products will be used due to its simplicity and widespread useFiber optics cables will provide major connectivityWireless hone technology will be usedExpected Achievements and FailuresAll the cited failures in the NMCI project will be avoided, specifically:The integrated system life cycle will be used which is proper fact finding, system design, system implementation through prototyping, system integration and testing; system parallel operation, evaluation and maintenance.User involvement at all levels of system developmentUser training through in house training programs; seminars and workshop attendanceSystem ConstraintsThe major constraint will be lack of awareness on the part of users . Computer technology is changing very rapidly and the organization will be properly informed and well prepared to accept such changes as inevitable.Methods and ProceduresNetwork Models UsedSystem Anticipated EvolutionsRec ommendationsConclusionsReferences:Internet as given from NMCI system namely:http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d0751.pdf http://www.govexec.com/dailyfed/1206/120806ts1.htm http://www.eds.com/news/news.asp?news_id=2905 Ian Summerville : Software Engineering